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Ahmed Alaali 2025-05-30 23:23:53 +03:00
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commit 1e57a2e951

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@ -148,27 +148,27 @@ $$
* Bolts used instead of precision 5 mm mild steel pins * Bolts used instead of precision 5 mm mild steel pins
* Outer diameter maintained at **5 mm** using **PLA sleeves** * Outer diameter maintained at **5 mm** using **PLA sleeves**
* Inner bolt shaft assumed 4 mm (typical M4 bolt shank) * Inner bolt shaft assumed 4 mm (typical M4 bolt shank)
* **Steel Yield Strength: 260 MPa** * Steel Yield Strength: 260 MPa
###### Cross-sectional Area (4 mm bolt): - **Cross-sectional Area (4 mm bolt)**:
$$ $$
A = \frac{\pi D^2}{4} = \frac{\pi \cdot 4^2}{4} = 12.57 \, \text{mm}^2 A = \frac{\pi D^2}{4} = \frac{\pi \cdot 4^2}{4} = 12.57 \, \text{mm}^2
$$ $$
* **Force per bolt**: - **Force per bolt**:
$$ $$
F_{\text{bolt}} = 260 \times 12.57 = 3,268.2 \, \text{N} F_{\text{bolt}} = 260 \times 12.57 = 3,268.2 \, \text{N}
$$ $$
* **Total force (4 bolts)**: - **Total force (4 bolts)**:
$$ $$
F_{\text{total}} = 4 \times 3,268.2 = 13,072.8 \, \text{N} F_{\text{total}} = 4 \times 3,268.2 = 13,072.8 \, \text{N}
$$ $$
* **Torque capacity**: - **Torque capacity**:
$$ $$
\tau = 13,072.8 \times 0.0335 = \boxed{437.9 \, \text{Nm}} \quad \text{(Safe✅)} \tau = 13,072.8 \times 0.0335 = \boxed{437.9 \, \text{Nm}} \quad \text{(Safe✅)}