takeone-youtube-clone/app/Models/LiveStream.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
use Illuminate\Support\Carbon;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;

/**
 * A live broadcast.
 *
 * The row is the authority on whether a stream may exist; the media server
 * holds no state of its own and asks this table (through LiveAuthController)
 * before it accepts a publisher or a viewer.
 */
class LiveStream extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;

    protected $table = 'livestreams';

    protected $fillable = [
        'user_id', 'public_id', 'title', 'description',
        'status', 'visibility', 'video_id',
    ];

    /**
     * The publish token is a credential. Keeping it out of the default array
     * form means it cannot be leaked by a careless toJson() on a model that
     * reached a view or an API response.
     */
    protected $hidden = ['publish_token', 'publish_token_expires_at'];

    protected $casts = [
        'publish_token_expires_at' => 'datetime',
        'started_at' => 'datetime',
        'ended_at' => 'datetime',
        'last_seen_at' => 'datetime',
    ];

    public const STATUS_IDLE = 'idle';
    public const STATUS_LIVE = 'live';
    public const STATUS_ENDED = 'ended';
    public const STATUS_FAILED = 'failed';

    /** How long a freshly minted publish token stays valid. */
    public const PUBLISH_TOKEN_TTL_SECONDS = 120;

    protected static function booted(): void
    {
        // Every stream gets an unpredictable public id, always — never left to
        // a caller to remember.
        static::creating(function (self $stream) {
            $stream->public_id ??= self::newPublicId();
        });
    }

    /* ---------------- Identity ---------------- */

    /**
     * 32 chars of alphanumeric entropy. Also the media path segment, which is
     * why it is constrained to [a-zA-Z0-9] — it has to satisfy the path regex
     * the media server is configured with.
     */
    public static function newPublicId(): string
    {
        do {
            $id = Str::random(32);
        } while (self::where('public_id', $id)->exists());

        return $id;
    }

    /** Route model binding uses the unpredictable id, never the numeric key. */
    public function getRouteKeyName(): string
    {
        return 'public_id';
    }

    /** The path the media server knows this stream by. */
    public function mediaPath(): string
    {
        return 'live/'.$this->public_id;
    }

    /* ---------------- Relations ---------------- */

    public function user(): BelongsTo
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
    }

    /** The recording, once a finished stream has been published as a video. */
    public function video(): BelongsTo
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(Video::class);
    }

    /* ---------------- State ---------------- */

    public function isLive(): bool
    {
        return $this->status === self::STATUS_LIVE;
    }

    public function isOwnedBy(?User $user): bool
    {
        return $user !== null && $this->user_id === $user->id;
    }

    /**
     * May this viewer watch?
     *
     * Both public and unlisted streams are watchable by anyone holding the
     * link — the difference is only whether the stream is listed. Ownership
     * additionally grants access before it goes live, so the broadcaster can
     * open their own watch page to check themselves.
     */
    public function isWatchableBy(?User $user): bool
    {
        if ($this->isOwnedBy($user)) {
            return true;
        }

        // Visibility first — private streams stay owner-only no matter what.
        if (! in_array($this->visibility, ['public', 'unlisted'], true)) {
            return false;
        }

        // Live streams are watchable while they're on; ended streams remain
        // permalinked so viewers see "Stream ended" and the replay CTA
        // instead of a hard 404.
        return $this->isLive() || $this->status === self::STATUS_ENDED;
    }

    /* ---------------- Publish credential ---------------- */

    /**
     * Mint a short-lived, single-use token for the broadcaster's browser.
     *
     * Returned in plaintext to the owner exactly once, at the moment they press
     * "Go live". Stored so the media server's auth hook can verify it, then
     * consumed on first successful publish.
     */
    public function issuePublishToken(): string
    {
        $token = Str::random(64);

        $this->forceFill([
            'publish_token' => hash('sha256', $token),
            'publish_token_expires_at' => now()->addSeconds(self::PUBLISH_TOKEN_TTL_SECONDS),
        ])->save();

        return $token;
    }

    /** Constant-time check of a presented token against the stored hash. */
    public function publishTokenMatches(?string $presented): bool
    {
        if (! $presented || ! $this->publish_token || ! $this->publish_token_expires_at) {
            return false;
        }

        if ($this->publish_token_expires_at->isPast()) {
            return false;
        }

        return hash_equals($this->publish_token, hash('sha256', $presented));
    }

    /** Burn the token so a captured one cannot be replayed. */
    public function consumePublishToken(): void
    {
        $this->forceFill([
            'publish_token' => null,
            'publish_token_expires_at' => null,
        ])->save();
    }

    /* ---------------- Transitions ---------------- */

    public function markLive(): void
    {
        $this->forceFill([
            'status' => self::STATUS_LIVE,
            'started_at' => $this->started_at ?? now(),
            'last_seen_at' => now(),
            'ended_at' => null,
        ])->save();
    }

    /**
     * Put an ended stream back into a startable state.
     *
     * A stream is a reusable channel, not a one-shot: the owner keeps the same
     * link and can go live on it again. Without this, any failed start — a lost
     * signal, a refused camera, a server hiccup — would kill the stream
     * permanently and force a new link on every retry.
     */
    public function reArm(): void
    {
        if ($this->status !== self::STATUS_ENDED && $this->status !== self::STATUS_FAILED) {
            return;
        }

        $this->forceFill([
            'status' => self::STATUS_IDLE,
            'ended_at' => null,
            'current_viewers' => 0,
        ])->save();
    }

    public function markEnded(): void
    {
        $this->forceFill([
            'status' => self::STATUS_ENDED,
            'ended_at' => now(),
            'current_viewers' => 0,
            'publish_token' => null,
            'publish_token_expires_at' => null,
        ])->save();
    }

    /* ---------------- Display ---------------- */

    public function getDurationSecondsAttribute(): ?int
    {
        if (! $this->started_at) {
            return null;
        }

        return ($this->ended_at ?? Carbon::now())->diffInSeconds($this->started_at);
    }

    public function getFormattedDurationAttribute(): string
    {
        $seconds = $this->duration_seconds;

        if ($seconds === null) {
            return '00:00';
        }

        return $seconds >= 3600
            ? sprintf('%d:%02d:%02d', intdiv($seconds, 3600), intdiv($seconds % 3600, 60), $seconds % 60)
            : sprintf('%02d:%02d', intdiv($seconds, 60), $seconds % 60);
    }

    /* ---------------- Scopes ---------------- */

    public function scopeLive($query)
    {
        return $query->where('status', self::STATUS_LIVE);
    }

    public function scopeListed($query)
    {
        return $query->where('visibility', 'public');
    }
}