feat(auth): tighten login throttle and alert on brute force

- Drop /login throttle from 10/min to 5/min per IP.
- After every failed login, count user.login.failed audit entries for
  the same email in the last 10 minutes. If >=5, fire a one-shot
  (cache-deduped) BruteForceLoginAlert notification to every super
  admin via database + mail channels.
- Alert carries the email, originating IP, failure count and window
  so the admin can decide whether to force a reset.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <[email protected]>

app/Http/Controllers/Auth/AuthenticatedSessionController.php

@@ -4,8 +4,12 @@ namespace App\Http\Controllers\Auth;
 
 use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
 use App\Models\AuditLog;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Notifications\BruteForceLoginAlert;
+use App\Support\SafeNotifier;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
 
 class AuthenticatedSessionController extends Controller
 {
@@ -50,11 +54,57 @@ class AuthenticatedSessionController extends Controller
             'details'   => ['email' => $credentials['email']],
         ]);
 
+        $this->detectBruteForce($request, $credentials['email']);
+
         return back()->withErrors([
             'email' => 'The provided credentials do not match our records.',
         ]);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Fire one alert to super admins when the same email has racked up
+     * BRUTE_FORCE_THRESHOLD failures in BRUTE_FORCE_WINDOW_MINUTES. A Cache
+     * key with the same TTL prevents the alert from re-firing on every
+     * subsequent failed attempt within the same burst.
+     */
+    private const BRUTE_FORCE_THRESHOLD = 5;
+    private const BRUTE_FORCE_WINDOW_MINUTES = 10;
+
+    private function detectBruteForce(Request $request, string $email): void
+    {
+        $window = self::BRUTE_FORCE_WINDOW_MINUTES;
+        $threshold = self::BRUTE_FORCE_THRESHOLD;
+
+        // SQLite stores JSON-cast `details` as text; a LIKE-based match is
+        // database-portable and avoids per-driver JSON operator syntax.
+        $pattern = '%"email":"' . addslashes($email) . '"%';
+
+        $recent = AuditLog::where('action', 'user.login.failed')
+            ->where('created_at', '>=', now()->subMinutes($window))
+            ->where('details', 'like', $pattern)
+            ->count();
+
+        if ($recent < $threshold) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $cacheKey = 'brute_force_alert:' . sha1($email);
+        if (Cache::has($cacheKey)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        Cache::put($cacheKey, 1, now()->addMinutes($window));
+
+        $ip = $request->header('CF-Connecting-IP')
+            ?? $request->header('X-Forwarded-For')
+            ?? $request->ip()
+            ?? 'unknown';
+
+        $notification = new BruteForceLoginAlert($email, (string) $ip, $recent, $window);
+        User::where('role', 'super_admin')->each(function (User $admin) use ($notification) {
+            SafeNotifier::send($admin, $notification);
+        });
+    }
+
     public function destroy(Request $request)
     {
         $user = Auth::user();

app/Notifications/BruteForceLoginAlert.php

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Notifications;
+
+use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
+use Illuminate\Notifications\Messages\MailMessage;
+use Illuminate\Notifications\Notification;
+
+/**
+ * Fires to every super admin when the same email or IP has produced several
+ * failed login attempts in a short window. Lets ops decide whether to lock
+ * the account, change the password, or just raise the global throttle.
+ */
+class BruteForceLoginAlert extends Notification
+{
+    use Queueable;
+
+    public function __construct(
+        public readonly string $email,
+        public readonly string $ip,
+        public readonly int $failures,
+        public readonly int $windowMinutes,
+    ) {}
+
+    public function via(object $notifiable): array
+    {
+        return ['database', 'mail'];
+    }
+
+    public function toArray(object $notifiable): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'kind'           => 'brute_force_login_alert',
+            'email'          => $this->email,
+            'ip'             => $this->ip,
+            'failures'       => $this->failures,
+            'window_minutes' => $this->windowMinutes,
+        ];
+    }
+
+    public function toMail(object $notifiable): MailMessage
+    {
+        return (new MailMessage)
+            ->subject('TAKEONE — suspicious login attempts')
+            ->greeting('Possible brute-force login attempt')
+            ->line("The address {$this->email} has had {$this->failures} failed login attempts in the last {$this->windowMinutes} minutes.")
+            ->line("Most recent attempt came from {$this->ip}.")
+            ->line('Review the audit log and consider forcing a password reset if this account looks real.')
+            ->action('Open Admin', url('/admin/audit-logs'));
+    }
+}

routes/auth.php

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Route::middleware('guest')->group(function () {
 
     Route::get('login', [AuthenticatedSessionController::class, 'create'])->name('login');
     Route::post('login', [AuthenticatedSessionController::class, 'store'])
-        ->middleware('throttle:10,1')         // max 10 login attempts per minute per IP
+        ->middleware('throttle:5,1')          // max 5 login attempts per minute per IP
         ->name('login.store');
 });