takeone-youtube-clone/app/Http/Controllers/LiveStreamController.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\LiveChatMessage;
use App\Models\LiveStream;
use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
use Illuminate\Validation\Rule;

/**
 * Live streaming — broadcaster and viewer surfaces.
 *
 * The media plane (MediaMTX) is deliberately dumb: this controller decides who
 * may broadcast, mints the short-lived credential the browser publishes with,
 * and hands out the URLs. See LiveAuthController for the hook the media server
 * calls back on.
 */
class LiveStreamController extends Controller
{
    public function __construct()
    {
        // Watching is open; everything that creates or controls a stream needs
        // an account.
        $this->middleware('auth')->except(['index', 'watch', 'status', 'chatPoll']);
    }

    /** Live now, plus the viewer's own streams when signed in. */
    public function index(): \Illuminate\View\View
    {
        $live = LiveStream::live()
            ->listed()
            ->with('user')
            ->latest('started_at')
            ->limit(60)
            ->get();

        $mine = Auth::check()
            ? LiveStream::where('user_id', Auth::id())->latest()->limit(20)->get()
            : collect();

        return view('live.index', compact('live', 'mine'));
    }

    /** The "start a broadcast" form. */
    public function create(): \Illuminate\View\View
    {
        return view('live.create');
    }

    /**
     * Create the stream record. This does NOT start anything — it reserves an
     * identity and a path; the browser goes live from the broadcast page.
     */
    public function store(Request $request): \Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse
    {
        $data = $request->validate([
            'title' => ['required', 'string', 'max:120'],
            'description' => ['nullable', 'string', 'max:2000'],
            'visibility' => ['required', Rule::in(['public', 'unlisted', 'private'])],
        ]);

        // One live broadcast per account at a time. Without this a single user
        // can pin open as many encoder slots as they can open tabs.
        $alreadyLive = LiveStream::where('user_id', Auth::id())
            ->where('status', LiveStream::STATUS_LIVE)
            ->exists();

        if ($alreadyLive) {
            return back()
                ->withInput()
                ->withErrors(['title' => 'You already have a stream running. End it before starting another.']);
        }

        $stream = LiveStream::create([
            'user_id' => Auth::id(),
            'title' => $data['title'],
            'description' => $data['description'] ?? null,
            'visibility' => $data['visibility'],
            'status' => LiveStream::STATUS_IDLE,
        ]);

        return redirect()->route('live.broadcast', $stream);
    }

    /** The broadcaster's camera page. Owner only. */
    public function broadcast(LiveStream $stream): \Illuminate\View\View
    {
        abort_unless($stream->isOwnedBy(Auth::user()), 403);

        // An ended stream is not a dead one — the owner may go live on it
        // again from the same link.
        $stream->reArm();

        return view('live.broadcast', [
            'stream' => $stream,
            'whipUrl' => $this->whipUrl($stream),
            'watchUrl' => route('live.watch', $stream),
            'iceServers' => $this->iceServers(),
        ]);
    }

    /**
     * Mint the publish credential.
     *
     * Separate from the page load so the token's short life starts when the
     * user actually presses "Go live", not when they opened the tab and went
     * to find a tripod.
     */
    public function token(LiveStream $stream): JsonResponse
    {
        abort_unless($stream->isOwnedBy(Auth::user()), 403);

        // Pressing "Go live" on a stream that previously ended restarts it
        // rather than being refused. A failed attempt must never burn the link.
        $stream->reArm();

        return response()->json([
            'token' => $stream->issuePublishToken(),
            'expires_in' => LiveStream::PUBLISH_TOKEN_TTL_SECONDS,
            'whip_url' => $this->whipUrl($stream),
            'ice_servers' => $this->iceServers(),
        ]);
    }

    /** The viewer page. */
    public function watch(LiveStream $stream): \Illuminate\View\View
    {
        abort_unless($stream->isWatchableBy(Auth::user()), 404);

        $stream->loadMissing('user');

        return view('live.watch', [
            'stream' => $stream,
            'whepUrl' => $this->whepUrl($stream),
            'hlsUrl' => $this->hlsUrl($stream),
            'isOwner' => $stream->isOwnedBy(Auth::user()),
            'iceServers' => $this->iceServers(),
        ]);
    }

    /** Lightweight poll for the viewer page: is it live, how many watching. */
    public function status(LiveStream $stream): JsonResponse
    {
        abort_unless($stream->isWatchableBy(Auth::user()), 404);

        return response()->json([
            'status' => $stream->status,
            'live' => $stream->isLive(),
            'viewers' => $stream->current_viewers,
            'duration' => $stream->formatted_duration,
        ]);
    }

    /** End the broadcast. Owner only. */
    public function stop(LiveStream $stream): JsonResponse
    {
        abort_unless($stream->isOwnedBy(Auth::user()), 403);

        $stream->markEnded();

        return response()->json([
            'success' => true,
            'status' => $stream->status,
            'duration' => $stream->formatted_duration,
        ]);
    }

    /* ---------------- URLs ---------------- */

    /*
     * These are same-origin paths, proxied by nginx to the media server on
     * loopback. Same-origin matters: the page is served over HTTPS, and a
     * mixed-content or cross-origin media URL would be blocked by the browser
     * before WebRTC ever started.
     */

    private function whipUrl(LiveStream $stream): string
    {
        return url('/live-rtc/'.$stream->mediaPath().'/whip');
    }

    private function whepUrl(LiveStream $stream): string
    {
        return url('/live-rtc/'.$stream->mediaPath().'/whep');
    }

    private function hlsUrl(LiveStream $stream): string
    {
        return url('/live-hls/'.$stream->mediaPath().'/index.m3u8');
    }

    /**
     * ICE servers for the browser.
     *
     * No inbound UDP port is forwarded to this server, so a broadcaster outside
     * the local network can only reach it through a TURN relay. On the LAN the
     * host candidates work directly and TURN is never used.
     *
     * Configured through the environment so credentials never sit in the repo.
     */
    private function iceServers(): array
    {
        $servers = [];

        if ($stun = config('live.stun_url')) {
            $servers[] = ['urls' => $stun];
        }

        if ($turn = config('live.turn_url')) {
            $servers[] = array_filter([
                'urls' => $turn,
                'username' => config('live.turn_username'),
                'credential' => config('live.turn_credential'),
            ]);
        }

        return $servers;
    }

    /**
     * GET poll: viewer asks for every message in this stream newer than
     * ?since=<id> (defaults to 0 for a cold open). Returns up to 50
     * messages — more than enough for a 3-second polling window, bounded
     * to protect the DB when a client is slow to reconnect.
     */
    public function chatPoll(Request $request, LiveStream $stream): JsonResponse
    {
        // Private streams are owner-only; everything else is open to viewers.
        if ($stream->visibility === 'private' && Auth::id() !== $stream->user_id) {
            abort(404);
        }

        $since = (int) $request->query('since', 0);
        $rows  = LiveChatMessage::where('livestream_id', $stream->id)
            ->where('id', '>', $since)
            ->orderBy('id')
            ->limit(50)
            ->get(['id', 'user_id', 'author_name', 'body', 'created_at']);

        return response()->json([
            'messages' => $rows->map(fn ($m) => [
                'id'   => $m->id,
                'uid'  => $m->user_id,
                'name' => $m->author_name,
                'body' => $m->body,
                'at'   => $m->created_at?->toISOString(),
            ])->all(),
        ]);
    }

    /**
     * POST a chat message. Rate-limited to roughly one message per second
     * per user via Laravel's built-in throttle, applied via the route.
     * Body is capped at 400 chars (long enough for a sentence, short enough
     * that the panel doesn't shear into a wall of text).
     */
    public function chatSend(Request $request, LiveStream $stream): JsonResponse
    {
        if ($stream->status !== LiveStream::STATUS_LIVE) {
            return response()->json(['error' => 'Chat is closed when the stream isn\'t live.'], 422);
        }
        if ($stream->visibility === 'private' && Auth::id() !== $stream->user_id) {
            abort(404);
        }

        $data = $request->validate([
            'body' => ['required', 'string', 'max:400'],
        ]);

        $user = Auth::user();
        $msg  = LiveChatMessage::create([
            'livestream_id' => $stream->id,
            'user_id'       => $user->id,
            'author_name'   => $user->name,
            'body'          => trim($data['body']),
            'created_at'    => now(),
        ]);

        return response()->json([
            'ok' => true,
            'message' => [
                'id'   => $msg->id,
                'uid'  => $msg->user_id,
                'name' => $msg->author_name,
                'body' => $msg->body,
                'at'   => $msg->created_at?->toISOString(),
            ],
        ]);
    }
}